Analyze Symbols Throughout Literature - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 658 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Frankenstein Essay Did you like this example? In Fosters Chapter, Is That a Symbol?, he implies that symbols are used through literature and are frequently used in several pieces of literature. Symbols are used everywhere and typically can have multiple meanings or a more complex concept to grasp. Being able to identify a symbol is the simple part but being able to find its deeper meaning in a piece of literature is the more complex part. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analyze Symbols Throughout Literature" essay for you Create order Foster also says that allegories can be mistaken as symbols; symbols could have several different meanings. Symbols can mean something different to everyone depending on their walk in life and depending on the different pieces of literature they have read using that specific symbol. According to Foster, in order to analyze symbols throughout literature, they have to use questions, experience, and preexisting knowledge. Symbols are not only limited to objects but they can even be events and actions. Symbols are not always going to be easy to comprehend but one must find a way to use context clues and connect the themes in a piece of literature to further understand a symbol. In Frankenstein, one of the most common symbols is lightning. In the beginning, main character, Victor Frankenstein witnessed a tree being struck by lightning. Victor states that, I never behold anything so utterly destroyed (Shelley 26). With this being said, it shows a lot of irony because the lightning blasted the trees life, but it is also used to show how the lightning striked the monster to life. So ultimately, the lightning eliminated life but also sparked up a new one in the process. The word blasted, which was used to describe how the trees life was eliminated, it got repeated by Victor towards the end of Frankenstein. He stated, I have myself been blasted in these hopes, yet another may succeed (Shelley 193). The use of the word blasted again refers to lightning as well and it shows how Victor felt so connected with the tree, so he felt as if he failed at saving life, and he felt like a part of him was dead too. So ultimately, the lightning killing off the tree made Victor symbolically dead since he lacks human interaction. In Fosters Chapter, Dont Read with Your Eyes, he suggests that every reader must grasp the concept of having a blind spot, but he says the best way to overcome blind spots is by putting ones self in the time period by understanding the historical, political, and cultural background of the text. Frankenstein was written during the time of the Industrial Revolution, which was very important during the 1800s. Shelley had opposing views about the Industrial Revolution so she created Frankenstein as a warning and to show the dangers of this revolution. When Shelley made Frankenstein, she was trying to show how she did not want the human race to end because people were taking matters into their own hands by trying to advance scientific knowledge, which is very hard to advance, let alone control, and she felt like thats exactly what the Industrial Revolution was doing. In Frankenstein, the monster is used as a warning to society especially during his final speech when he says, And if yet, in some mode unknown to me, thou hadst not ceased to think and feel, thou wouldst not desire against me a vengeance greater than which I feel (Shelley 198). The monster is exemplifying how Victor was so caught up in trying to evolve science, that he ended up losing his emotions that make him human and he faced consequences for creating this monster, which ultimately began to ruin his life. This was related to the Industrial Revolution by showing the danger effects of humans trying to take control of science and advance it because it disrupts the natural way of life. Ultimately, this is why it was important that Shelley wrote Frankenstein during this time because she was trying to send a warning to the people.

Health and Social Care - 2195 Words

Unit 13 –Dementia Awareness 1) 1.1. Explain what is meant by the term ‘dementia’ Dementia is a set of symptoms that affect the way people think and interact with each other. It is not a disease, but can often be linked to a disease or damage done to the brain. Short-time memory, mind, speech and motor skills are affected. Certain forms of dementia cause a change in the personality of the individual. A person suffering from dementia will lose certain skills and knowledge they already had. This is the main difference to other conditions that affect the mind. People who suffer from learning problems, or lower intelligence will never acquire certain skills, people suffering from dementia will lose skills they have acquired. Dementia is†¦show more content†¦They can forget to do the essential things that are vital. Taking medicines, hygiene and even eating are often forgotten. They can get lost or hurt and do not understand what is necessary to correct a situation. Turning on the cooker or water a nd forgetting to turn it off, locking doors, crossing streets etc. can be dangerous even deadly. In the same way you would not think as an infant incapable of self care a person with dementia cannot be either. Considering the facts that they cannot act in the manner of a responsible adult makes them disabled. References: http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/files/samplechapter/DementiaSC.pdf http://www.focusondisability.org.uk/dementia.html 3) 3.1. List the most common causes of dementia * Alzheimer s Disease -the most common cause of dementia * Brain damage after multiple small Stroke (so-called vascular dementia) * Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism * HIV and AIDS * Multiple Sclerosis * Huntington s Disease * Parkinson s Disease * Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease * Lewy Body Disease * Pick s disease (fronto-temporal dementia) * Normal pressure Hydrocephalus * Untreated Syphilis * Toxic levels of metals, such as aluminum (can sometimes occur in dialysis patients) * Vitamin B12 deficiency * Thiamine deficiency 3.2. Describe the likely signs and symptoms of the most common causes of dementia They often begin mildly and progress over time. Symptoms vary according toShow MoreRelatedHealth and social care1434 Words   |  6 PagesIn Health and Social Care Student Name Unit 16: Understanding Specific Needs in Health and Social Care Student No. Assessor name: Christine Pratt Date of Issue Completion date 30/05/2014 11/07/2014 Submitted on Assignment title LO2 Task No. Assess how perceptions of specific needs have changed over time. 1 1.3 LO1 In this assessment you will have the opportunity to present evidence that shows you are able to Analyse concepts of health, disabilityRead MoreHealth and Social Care822 Words   |  4 PagesHealth and Social Care Assignment UNIT 1 - PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION IN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTINGS ASSIGNMENT OVERVIEW In this assignment, you will complete tasks to demonstrate your understanding of the importance of communication in adult social care settings, and ways to overcome barriers to meet individual needs and preferences in communication. You will also address the issue of confidentiality. 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Lightning Phenomenon Essay Example For Students

Lightning Phenomenon Essay Lightning is a natural phenomenon that occurs more often than we think it does. That streaking flash, followed by a loud rumbling noise, that makes your kneesbuckle is very dangerous because of its unpredictable striking force. Beingstruck by lightning can be deadly, so the more precautions you take ahead oftime, the safer you are. Lightning not only affects us, it also has a greatimpact on our man-made structures and of course, our natural surroundings. According to Professor Martin Uman, one of the worlds leading lightningexperts: Lightning is an effect of electrification within a thunderstorm. As thethunderstorm develops, interactions of charged particles produce an intenseelectrical field within the cloud. A large positive charge is usuallyconcentrated in the frozen upper layers of the cloud and a large negative chargewith a smaller positive are is found in the lower portions. (4) This produceswhat you see, a lightning flash, which may be two or 300 feet long (25). The flash itself may be only as wide as a pencil, but because it is extremelyhot, hotter than the sun, its glow appears to be very wide to the human eye. When lightning pushes the air from its path, it expands it quickly causing a 2loud explosion, which we call thunder (25). William R. Newcott, part of theNational Geographic Editorial Staff, describes lightning as a river ofelectricity rushing through a canyon of air. Moving fast as 100,000 milesa second, lightning sears wild and unstoppable through twisted channel as longas ten miles, (83) he explained. Lightning, being a natural occurrence, isvery unpredictable which makes it even more dangerous. Martin Uman, director ofthe University of Floridas Lightning Research Laboratory is quoted in Omnisaying, A man was talking on a telephone near Gainesville, Florida, whenlightning hit the wires. He died instantly, electrocuted. Three or four peopledie that way every year (Wolkomir 1). It is hard to believe that someonecould just die while using the phone. You never know what will happen next whenit comes to lightning. In fact, even in recent weeks, the state of New Jerseywas hit by lightni ng causing various dangers. On June 6, 1996, a Sewaren oilstorage tank in Woodbridge, New Jersey, was hit by lightning causing a ferociousexplosion. This fire blazed for an unbelievable 28 hours. According to a staffreport in the Asbury Park Press, two employees attempting to turn off the powerto the area suffered electrical burns, and were apparently the onlycasualties (A1). Fortunately, the 3 other tanks did not explode, or a fewmore casualties might have resulted. Many people in the area felt and heard theforce of the explosion. Staff writers add, that nearby relaxing in his boatoff Cliff Road, Rick Bothwell reported feeling the explosion, even on the water. I heard a bang and a whoosh. It felt like an explosion out of a tube, he said(A1). Inland, nearby neighbors also felt the impact of the explosion. Theground just rumbled from the front of house to the back, said Richard Swallick,who lives on West Avenue within a few hundred yards of the tank field (A1). Experts are very unsure as to what caused this almost disastrous explosion. Alsoin this article, Elaine Makatura, a spokeswoman for the state department ofEnvironmental Protection, said it was too early to speculate on what theenvironmental impact of the blaze will be (Staff Report A5). In otherwords,they dont know if any harmful chemicals were released during the blaze. Contaminants in the air could cause a serious problem for neighbors of the gasstore area. After something like this happens, the question that comes to mind,is can lightning strike twice? Well, according to Bernhard Warner, a staffwriter for the Asbury Park Press, there was a smaller explosion in Linden, NewJersey, at the Tosco Refining Co. shortly before the one in Woodbridge exploded(A5). A 4 manager at the refinery would not say whether lightning caused thefire, because it is still under investigation. It seems the more things, welearn about nature, the more questions arise. Bob Friant, a spokesman for theState Department of Community Affairs, is quoted in the Home News and Tribune,by Sean P. Carr, saying we have never been able to conquer Mother Nature, andwe never will be (B1). He has a real optimistic point of view, huh. Although,after Carr points out that their are thirty-five fuel storage tankfacilities, some of the dozens of tanks each store millions of gallons, dot theShore of Central and Northern New Jersey waterways, (B1) the chance of thishappening again seems likely. Furthermore, Martin Uman continues saying, Atany moment, planet wide, about 2,000 thunderstorms are in progress. Each stormgenerates a flash every 20 seconds (4). That is unbelievable. Now I canunderstand how there are so many deaths and injuries from people being struck bylightning. The more thunderstorms, the more chances lightning will strike. Ifyou give lightning enough chances, it is bound to hit something. In the time ittakes you to read this sentence, lightning has flashed more than 500 times (4),Uman notes. Facts like that are really amazing to me. How could lightning havejust flashed 500 times? This is because most of the lightning flashes we see arecloud-to-ground strokes, but they compromise only 5 about 20 percent oflightning (4). Much more frequent are flashes within clouds. Althoughlightning kills many Americans every year, luckily some victims of lightninghits have live d to tell about the experience. More than a year after lightningnearly killed him during football practice, Tony Trice still does not want totalk about it (Newcott 90). According to eyewitnesses in Burtonsville, Maryland:They saw a bolt tear a hole in the high schoolers helmet, burn his jersey,and blow his shoes off. Toys breathing stopped, but he was resuscitated onthe spot (90). It is unbelievable that this teenager survived after being hitby one of natures unpredictable and deadliest forces. How is it possiblesomeone could survive after being struck by lightning? Researchers at theUniversity of Queenland in Australia have traced the path followed by lightningwhen it enters a living creature (Dayton 1) and according these researchers:simulated lightning strikes on anaesthetized sheep showed that lightning firstenters the body orifices and then flow along the blood vessels and cerebrospinalfluid (CSF) pathways. Since the CSF pathway narrows near the brainstem, thispart is hit harde st, resulting in cardiac and respiratory arrest. Since theheart can restart itself because of autonomous control, fatality usually resultsfrom respiratory failure. (1) This shows the importance of mouth-to-mouthresuscitation for lightning victims. 6 I almost witnessed someone being struckby lightning, but luckily they were not. It was during a soccer tournament thatI was playing in, about nine years ago. All of a sudden, the sun was hiddenbehind the clouds and the sky turned a dark purplish color, and then itdownpoured. The sky rumbled with fierce thunder and you could see a couple oflightning flashes. The tournament was at a high school, so everyone ran to theschool for safety. My father was with me, and as we headed towards the school,we saw a bright flash of lightning strike a tree about a mile from us and splitit in half, starting a little fire. There were two kids from my team that werearound 50 feet away from the tree and they stood there frozen in fear. My dadtold me to keep going. Then, he went back and had to literally carry them tosafety because they were so scared. Fortunately, no one was any closer to thattree or they would have been seriously injured or killed that day. Golfers areprime targets for lightning, because they tend to either stand in open grassyareas or huddle under trees while playing their game. Also, they use umbrellaswhich attract lightning to them because of the metal point on top. In addition,they hold metal golf clubs which increase their chances of being struck bylightning. A scored pattern on the fifth green at Phalem Park Golf course inSt. Paul Minnesota, defied ground zero when four golfers were injured, onefatally, by 7 a June 1991 strike (Newcott 89). I guess that kind of provesthat golf can be a dangerous sport, especially during a thunderstorm. In thefilm, Lightning, directed by Linda Gorman, a golf legend, Lee Trevino describeshis experience of being hit by lightning, while playing in a tournament in 1975. An Element Of Arts And Science EssayIf you saw the lightning, it missed you; and if it did strike you, you wouldhave known it (144). So, in otherwords, you can not predict when or wherelightning will strike, but you will definitely know it, when it strikes you. BibliographyCarr, Sean P. Lightning can strike twice at vulnerable gas storageareas. The Home News Tribune 12 June 1996, sec. B: 1. Dayton, Leigh. Secrets of a bolt from the blue: How a lightning bolt enters the body. NewScientist 18 Dec. 1993: 16. Lightning. Dir. Linda Gorman. Prod. Nova. BostonScience Unit, 1995. Lightning. The New Book of Popular Science. Vol. 12. 1994. Newcott, William R. Lightning: Natures High-Voltage Spectacle.National Geographic July 1993: 81-103. Staff Report. Fire rages afterlightning strikes Sewaren oil storage tanks. Asbury Park Press 16 June 1996,sec. A: 1,5. Uman, Martin A. All About Lightning. New York: Dover PublicationsInc, 1986. Warner, Bernhard. A second fire strikes oil refinery in Linden.Asbury Park Press 12 June 1996, sec A: 5 Wolkomir, Richard. Electric Sky.Omni March 1994: 50-60.

Violation Of Human Rights Vs. The Book Night Essays - Libya

Violation Of Human Rights Vs. The Book Night Throughout history we have studied and learned about different people and places that have gone through serious hardships. Some people wrote books about their terrible experience. However, others we have just read about in newspaper articles, seen in movies or even studied in a school textbooks. The book Night is about a Hungarian Jewish teenager who is captured by the Nazi's along with his father and many other Jews. They are being tortured in many ways such as being beaten,stripped, shaved, starved and also having to do slave work. They were being treated as if they were not human. As a matter of fact to the Nazi's they weren't human, they were practically garbage and it did not matter what had happened to them. The Nazi's had turned them into different people. It was as if they did not have family members because they only cared about personal survival. Also I think that it took the faith that the Jews had away from them which left them no other choice but to be hopeless. Since the Holocaust took place there were other incidents that has occured in other countries where human rights were violated. In Libya people have been treated cruely and have had no rights for years. Libya has not had fair human rights since 1984. Recently in June of 1997, the head of the state decided on punished people if the head of the state was not informed of family members. The things that are taking place are violating the International Human Rights treaties. There were reports on people being tortured executed or even supposedly disappearing. In Libya they are treated as if they are not human and they have to obey absurd rules that have nothing to do with keeping a country in order. Keeping a country or state in order should be the main idea not torturing everyone. I think that what is happening in Libya and the Holocaust are almost exactly alike. The Holocaust was all about concentration camps and ways of torture and thats exactly how the people of Libya are being treated. The people of Libya are not being treated like humans and are not being respected the way every person deserves to be. The Holocaust I feel was about discrimination because the Nazi's did not like the Jews and they were persecuting them because they were Jewish and that is wrong. Both situations are wrong because they take the faith and hope out of the people and the people feel as if they are inhuman and it is horrible to hear about that happening because no one deserves such cruelty. I think the reason as to why these things occur is because after the Holocaust had taken place people heard about it and got ideas. They think having power is everything. Power isn't all that great when you are taking the life out of everyone. This book and reading about Libya should be an example for everyone to learn : Hurting, killing and treating people cruely is not something that gives you power it makes you a horrible person. Book Reports

Definition and Examples of Synchronic Linguistics

Definition and Examples of Synchronic Linguistics Synchronic linguistics is the study of a language at one particular period (usually the present). It is also known as  descriptive linguistics or general linguistics. Key Takeaways: Synchronistic Linguistics Synchronistic linguistics is the study of a language at a particular time.In contrast, diachronic linguistics studies the development of a language over time.Synchronistic linguistics is often descriptive, analyzing how the parts of a language or grammar work together. For example: A  synchronic  study of language is a comparison of languages or  dialects- various spoken differences of the same language- used within some defined spatial region and during the same period of time, wrote Colleen Elaine Donnelly in Linguistics for Writers. Determining the regions of the United States in which people currently say pop rather than soda and idea rather than idear are examples of the types of inquiries pertinent to a synchronic study.State University of New York Press, 1994 Synchronistic views look at a language as if its static and not changing. Languages continually evolve, though its slow enough that people dont notice it much while its happening. The term was coined by Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure. That for which he is now most known was just a portion of his contributions to academia; his specialty was the analysis of Indo-European languages, and his work generally studied languages over time, or diachronic (historical) linguistics. Synchronic vs. Diachronic Approaches Synchronic linguistics is one of the two main temporal dimensions of language study introduced by Saussure in his  Course in General Linguistics (1916). The other is diachronic linguistics, which is the study of language through periods of time in history. The first looks at a snapshot of a language, and the other studies its evolution (like a frame of film vs. a movie). For example, analyzing the word order in a sentence in Old English only would be a study in synchronistic linguistics. If you looked at how word order changed in a sentence from Old English to Middle English and now to modern English, that would be a diachronic study. Say you need to analyze how historical events affected a language. If you look at when the Normans conquered England in 1066 and brought with them a lot of new words to be injected into English, a diachronic look could analyze what new words were adopted, which ones fell out of use, and how long that process took for select words. A synchronic study might look at the language at different points before the Normans or after. Note how you need a longer time period for the diachronic study than the synchronic one. Consider this example: When people had more opportunities to change their social class in the 1600s, they started using the words thee and thou less often. If they didnt know the social class of the person they were addressing, theyd use the formal pronoun you to be safely polite, leading to the demise of thee and thou in English. This would be a diachronic look. A description of the words and how they were used at the time in comparison to the pronoun you would be a synchronic description. Before Saussure, it was considered that the only true scientific study of a language could be diachronic, but both approaches are useful. In the third edition of Synchronic English Linguistics: An Introduction, the authors explain the types of historical linguistics:   As it is necessary to know how a system works at any given time before one can hope to understand changes, the analysis of language at a single point in time, i.e. synchronic linguistics, now usually precedes the study in terms of diachronic linguistics. (Paul Georg Meyer et al.,  Gunter Nar Verlag, 2005) Synchronic studies look at what associates with what (how parts interact) at any given time. Diachronic studies look at what causes what and how things change over time. Examples of Synchronic Study Synchronic linguistics is descriptive linguistics, such as the study of how parts of a language (morphs or morphemes) combine to form words and phrases and how proper syntax gives a sentence meaning. In the 20th century the search for a universal grammar, that which is instinctive in humans and gives them the ability to pick up their native language as an infant, is a synchronic area of study. Studies of dead languages can be synchronic, as by definition they are no longer spoken (no native or fluent speakers) nor evolving and are frozen in time.

Question Discussion Example

Question Discussion Example Question Discussion – Article Example Question Discussion Implementing change in an organization may be difficult. The formulation and implementation process may be riddled with challenges, but with an effective approach, implementing changes should be easy and would be for the good of the organization. In a past job, changes had to be implemented to allow for the extension of the food outlet. These changes may have impacted some people in a negative way, which meant that some people would get shortchanged by the coming developments. The changes took place successfully as the food outlet opened up few branches while cutting back on its staff in some outlets. One of the things to remember when implementing change would be to establish clear objectives and goals. In doing so, there would clear cut intentions of what the change is aimed at achieving. Goals that are measurable can assist in measuring the progress made, thus; increasing the rate of success (Jones and Recardo 58).Also, letting the purpose of the changes determ ine the methods for implementing change could also work in my favor. What this means is that, the main reason for implementing the changes must take precedence in order to find out which methods are required to attain the desired results. In doing so, people who are affected might see the end result so that they are not disgruntled in the end. Lastly, identifying and using the organization’s strengths to my advantage would work in implementing change successfully. Skills, previous knowledge and experience are just examples of organizational strengths that one can exhibit while implementing change. They may guide in determining what is good for the organization, based on past experiences and specific skill-set (Jones and Recardo 67). Work CitedJones, David J., and Recardo, J. Ronald. Leading and Implementing Business Change Management: Making Change Stick in the Contemporary Organization. New York: Routledge, 2013. Print.

Trendsetters shops Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Trendsetters shops - Assignment Example The small and medium enterprises are the enterprises which play a very important role in the global economy and constitute 90% of the global economy. Because of the saturity in the developed countries the Small and medium sized enterprises are making more advancements in the developing nations which are mainly the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China). The WTO has recognized the importance of these small scale industries and thus has promoted these industries. The small and medium enterprises are the enterprises which begin with their own innovations and inventions and survive competition in order to succeed globally. This report is a personal report and in this topic I will focus mainly on the development of our own small medium enterprise called the â€Å"Trendsetters† in which I and my brother are partners and it is a family business. I have been into this business as soon as I completed my higher secondary exams. I began my role in the firm as accountant. This t opic and firm has been chosen by me for my research purpose as I have personalized experience in the firm and I foresee my future in this firm. Beginning of as an accountant in the business I have started managing all the aspects of the business in order to carry our family legacy further. I and my brother have started discussions concerning all details about the shop like the supply chain procedures that we need to adopt, the pricing and the marketing strategies that needs to be implemented, the seasonal highs and lows etc. â€Å"SMEs enhance competition and entrepreneurship and hence have external benefits on economy wide efficiency, innovation, and aggregate productivity growth. SMEs are generally more productive than large firms. SME expansion boosts employment more than large firm growth because SME are more labor intensive† (Small and Medium Enterprises, 2011, P.1). This research will shed light on â€Å"Trendsetters† as case study and example of successful small business in India. This research relies on the case study methodology, whereby personal description is provided which calls for analytical as well as descriptive study and provides accurate information on the actual developments in the research topic. 2. History of Trendsetters Shop: My Grandmother was the brain from where such an idea of family business emerged. She was a great textile designer and she could make her own designs which of course she did not market but created for her own family uses. Due to her talent people came to her for design tips on their clothes. My father grew up hearing this that many people wanted my grandmother to start her own small business but my grandmother was afraid because of the knits and guts that is required in the business field. My father had then acquired his business administration degree and instead of venturing out and sourcing him to other firms he decided with grandmother to start his own business so that his academic excellence and my grandmother’s ideas of design could merge together and they started a small garment factory. There was difficulty in procurement of initial capital and the initial capital was a loan with 10% interest from the Regional Rural Bank in our locality. With 5 of my grandmother’s friends our business’s first contract began. It was a very small contract but it ensured confidence in my father to further the business. My father became the managing director of the firm. The present number of employees in the firm is 75 which consist of designers, purchase officials, logistics officials and marketing officials. Comments: Even though the enterprise is a small scale it shows the merger of business idea with high academic excellence. It is notable how the family merged skills with education in order to start their own business. â€Å"Another area in which small entrepreneur has faced the difficulty is that of management. The principles of management have not been properly stu died and translated into practice owing to the influence of old traditions and customs. It has seldom bothered to

Differentiating Instruction Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Differentiating Instruction - Assignment Example clude simple and compound sentences, and improve transitions by adding, deleting, combining, and rearranging sentences or larger units of text after rethinking how well questions of purpose, audience, and genre have been addressed. Incorporating use of different tools like paper and pencil, the equipment like the computer, visuals, posters, oral demonstrations or digital photographs. Different apparatuses permit students to stage varied interests and talents such as photography, It is also crucial to get to know your students casually. This can be achieved through discerning their interests, conducting an interview, or requesting students to answer an open-ended questionnaire with main questions concerning their learning inclinations (contingent on the age group). This is core when scheming for activities requiring reduced structure. On the other hand, it is still crucial to establish styles of learning in addition to preferences for students who may perhaps have arduous time reining in their behaviors. Occasionally, distinguishing preferences can aid in motivating students to focus on any tasks that are rendered. It is the most commonly employed and most conventional teaching strategy. It is centered on the teacher and can be employed to encompass a large amount of material in the available time that the teachers are required what the students need to learn. It is centered on grouping of students corresponding to ability, background, difficulty etc. Nonetheless, one of the mainly crucial characteristics of cooperative learning is to single out the best strategy that will be employed to consign the task for students to complete. In a differentiated classroom, undertakings are customized to the needs of students concurring to the diverse ability levels, interests and backgrounds among others. Suitable activities compel the students to advance and apply knowledge in methods that make sense and that they find to appropriate and meaningful. Varying ways of

Manufacturing and Service Technologies Essay Example for Free

Manufacturing and Service Technologies Essay Manufacturing and Service Technologies technology refers to the work processes, techniques, machines, and actions used to transform organizational inputs into outputs. One important theme in this chapter is how core technology influences organization structure. Understanding core technology provides insight into how an organization can be structured for efficient performance. Core technology is the work process that is directly related to the organization’s mission. A non-core technology is a department work process that is important to the organization but is not directly related to its primary mission. Woodward developed a scale and organized the firms according to technical complexity of the manufacturing process. Technical complexity represents the extent of mechanization of the manufacturing process. High technical complexity means most of the work is performed by machines. Woodward’s scale consists of ten categories and these categories were further consolidated into three basic technology groups: The groups are consisted of small-batch and unit production, large-batch and mass production, and continuous-process production. Small-batch production relies heavily on the human operator; it is thus not highly mechanized. The large-batch is manufacturing process characterized by long production runs of standardized parts. In continuous-process production, the entire process is mechanized. Overall, the management systems in both unit-production and continuous -process technology are characterized as organic, as defined in Chapter 4. Mass production, however, is mechanistic, with standardized jobs and formalized procedures. When adopting a new technology, realign strategy, structure, and management process to achieve top performance. Lean manufacturing uses highly trained employees at every stage of the production process, who take a painstaking approach to details and problem solving to cut waste and improve quality. Lean manufacturing techniques have been implemented in hundreds of organizations all over the world and have led to dramatic improvements in quality, productivity, and efficiency. Service technologies are different from manufacturing technologies and, in turn, require a different organization design. The most obvious difference is that service technology produces an intangible output, rather than a tangible product. Hence, service organizations may have an organization structure with fewer boundary roles, greater geo-graphical dispersion, decentralization, highly skilled employees in the technical core, and generally less control than in manufacturing organizations. The feature of service technologies with a distinct influence on organizational structure and control systems is the need for technical core employees to be close to the customer. The impact of customer contact on organization structure is reflected in the use of boundary roles and structural disaggregation. The text also introduces Non-Core Departmental technology, as the section that shifts to the department level of analysis for departments not necessarily within the technical core. The framework that has had the greatest impact on the understanding of departmental technologies was developed by Charles Perrow. Perrow specified two dimensions of departmental activities: Variety and Analyzability. Variety is the frequency of unexpected and novel events that occur in the conversion process. Analyzability is when the work can be reduced to the mechanical steps and participants can follow an objective, computational procedure to solve problems. The dimensions of variety and analyzability form the basis for four major categories of technology: routine, craft, engineering, and nonroutine. (Daft) The text discusses both core and non-core work processes and their relationship to designing organization structure. The nature of the organization’s work processes must be considered in designing the organization for maximum efficiency and effectiveness. The text illustrates that forces affecting organization design come from both outside and inside the organization. External strategic needs create top-down pressure for designing the organization in such a way as to fit the environment and accomplish goals. This illustrates that today’s companies is that strategy, structure, and technology need to be aligned, especially when competitive conditions change. For example, several years ago, Dell created a business model to uild personal computers faster and cheaper, other computer manufacturers had to realign strategy, structure, and technology to stay competitive. Dell made PCs to order for each customer and sold most of them directly to consumers without expense of distributers or retailers. IBM for example, tried to differentiate their products and charge a premium price switched to a low-cost strategy, adopted new technology to enable them to customize PCs, revamped supply chains, and began outsourcing manufacturing to other companies that could do the job more efficiently.

Phobia :: essays research papers

Phobias: Irrational Fear Fear of heights, fear of the number â€Å"13,† fear of spiders, fear of small spaces. All of these fears are considered phobias. While there are many causes of phobias, one theory uses the notion of preparedness in Pavlovian conditioning. This is a way in which people learn to react to certain stimuli.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Scientist and abehaviorist, Pavlov, first discovered this conditioning while experimenting with dogs. He could reliably predict that dogs would salivate when food was placed in the mouth through a reflex called the â€Å"salivary reflex† in digestion. Yet he soon realized that, after time, the salivary reflex occurred even before the food was offered. What Pavlov discovered was first order conditioning. In this process, a neutral stimulus that causes no natural response in an organism is associated with an unconditioned stimulus, an event that automatically or naturally causes a response. This usual association causes the response to the unconditioned stimulus, the unconditioned response, to transfer to the neutral stimulus. The unconditioned stimulus no longer needs to be there for the response to occur in the presence of the formerly neutral stimulus. Given that his response is not natural and has to be learned, the response is now a conditioned response and the neutral stimulus is now a conditioned stimulus. Hence, certain individuals are more equipped to learn some things easier than others are. This ability is known as preparedness. In Pavlov’s experiment the tone was the neutral stimulus that was associated with the unconditioned stimulus of food. The unconditioned response of salivation became a conditioned response to the newly conditioned stimulus of the tone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Considering the two phobias: fear of the number â€Å"13† and fear of heights, the latter is most likely to have been produced by Pavlovian conditioning. This is due to the fact that more people are likely to have obtained preparedness to be afraid of this. There are numerous stories and movies that contribute to this irrational fear. Hence, people are more willing to accept the conditioning and become afraid of high places. This would not be hard to condition into anyone, since it is so commonly feared. Also, the fear of the number â€Å"13† is much more irrational than a fear of heights. Falling from a high place is much more likely than being injured by a number. Thus, preparedness and Pavlovian conditioning most likely caused a fear of heights.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, phobias can occur through different causes, but Pavlov discovered one theory. Phobia :: essays research papers Phobias: Irrational Fear Fear of heights, fear of the number â€Å"13,† fear of spiders, fear of small spaces. All of these fears are considered phobias. While there are many causes of phobias, one theory uses the notion of preparedness in Pavlovian conditioning. This is a way in which people learn to react to certain stimuli.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Scientist and abehaviorist, Pavlov, first discovered this conditioning while experimenting with dogs. He could reliably predict that dogs would salivate when food was placed in the mouth through a reflex called the â€Å"salivary reflex† in digestion. Yet he soon realized that, after time, the salivary reflex occurred even before the food was offered. What Pavlov discovered was first order conditioning. In this process, a neutral stimulus that causes no natural response in an organism is associated with an unconditioned stimulus, an event that automatically or naturally causes a response. This usual association causes the response to the unconditioned stimulus, the unconditioned response, to transfer to the neutral stimulus. The unconditioned stimulus no longer needs to be there for the response to occur in the presence of the formerly neutral stimulus. Given that his response is not natural and has to be learned, the response is now a conditioned response and the neutral stimulus is now a conditioned stimulus. Hence, certain individuals are more equipped to learn some things easier than others are. This ability is known as preparedness. In Pavlov’s experiment the tone was the neutral stimulus that was associated with the unconditioned stimulus of food. The unconditioned response of salivation became a conditioned response to the newly conditioned stimulus of the tone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Considering the two phobias: fear of the number â€Å"13† and fear of heights, the latter is most likely to have been produced by Pavlovian conditioning. This is due to the fact that more people are likely to have obtained preparedness to be afraid of this. There are numerous stories and movies that contribute to this irrational fear. Hence, people are more willing to accept the conditioning and become afraid of high places. This would not be hard to condition into anyone, since it is so commonly feared. Also, the fear of the number â€Å"13† is much more irrational than a fear of heights. Falling from a high place is much more likely than being injured by a number. Thus, preparedness and Pavlovian conditioning most likely caused a fear of heights.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, phobias can occur through different causes, but Pavlov discovered one theory.

DNA sequencing Essay

1 How can scientists identify specific bacteria when they are amplifying and studying the same region of DNA in each species? Specialist or doctors compare the nucleotides of the DNA sequences to specific bacteria. 2 Why is PCR used in the process of DNA sequencing? Used to make small segments of DNA. To analyze DNA more DNA is required to attain proper results. 3 How can the DNA sequencing technique shown in the virtual lab be used to identify other classes of pathogens, such as viruses? The same process can be performed by entering parts of the sequences into the database. 4 Explain how sequence data and information about patient symptoms led you to diagnose Sue’s illness. My partner and I looked up different diseases that could be causing Sue’s symptoms until we came across 3 strong matches. Then the disease database testing identified which disease it was. 5 How can DNA sequencing be used to identify genetic risk for certain diseases and disorders? DNA sequencing can be used in family history to find mutations that can cause health problems in the future, how medical history affected the person or diseases that complicated the body. 33. The possible people who could have gotten meningitis from Sue are Jill, Marco, Sue’s friend that she visited at the other University who may have passed along, Maria and Maggie. 34. To proceed with the procedure sue will need to go to the hospital to get treated right away and take antibiotics to cure her disease but antibiotics doesn’t always work with some peoples immune systems. Sue and anyone else she contacted with or know with meningitis symptoms should go to the hospital right away or they can be dead in 24hrs or so. Symptoms of  meningitis: fever, vomiting, headache and feeling unwell. Red ticks show symptoms more specific to meningitis and septicemia and less common in milder illnesses. Limb pain, pale skin, and cold hands and feet often appear earlier than the rash, neck stiffness, dislike of bright lights and confusion.

Shrimp Cultivation

1. Shrimps cultivation has been found to have an impact on the socio-economic and the environment through many studies conducted all over the world. Studies in India showed shrimp cultivation to cost nearly two times the annual earnings of those regions. Moreover the process of shrimp cultivation leads to contamination of fresh water which negatively impact healthy water and reduces the coastal lines which makes coastal regions more prone to hurricanes and tornadoes. 2.The shrimp industry benefits three to four million â€Å"mostly poor† Bangladeshis while providing livelihood directly numbering some 11, 50,000 people. In 2007-2008, a total of 2, 23,095 Metric ton shrimp produced in Bangladesh that contributes 19,567. 90 core taka in the GNP. There is ample demand in the international markets for shrimp and Bangladesh is blessed with an environment friendly for shrimp production. So obviously, the shrimp industry has a huge potential for Bangladesh.Through various studies it w ere also found that shrimp industry did increase the income levels of the people and help them to enjoy a better standard of living. 3. Shrimps cultivation in also observed to have impacts of the social structure which leads to increased migration, social conflict and degradation of health. Moreover, it also cause impact on the bio-diversity, mangrove forest, soil and marine species, salinity, degradation of land and de-stabilization of coastal ecosystems. Bangladesh has been predominantly an agricultural based nation.Degradation of agricultural land will directly affect the food security and livestock of many people. Moreover as Bangladesh is a riverine nation saline waters for shrimp ponds can seep to all the other river bodies and contaminate the waters. 4. Shrimp Industry usually have a limited life-span of about 10 years observed in Bangladesh, Thailand and India. Shrimp farms located in Sunderbands, Khulna, Bhola, Bagerhaat and Barisal also encounter such short life-span. 5. B angladesh shrimp cultivators mostly us extensive to super-intensive shrimp farming techniques.These methods are very harsh and have serious crippling effects on the bio-diversity and the mangrove coastlines. Of about 35% of the world’s mangrove forests have been cleared due to this. 6. Unregulated shrimp farming and improper land zoning legislations have led to social uses such as land grabbing, improper land use and impairment for other fisheries cultivations. Shrimp cultivation have also seen uneven wealth distribution which eventually lead to further societal disputes.

Benefits to Running Bleachers Essays

Benefits to Running Bleachers Essays Benefits to Running Bleachers Paper Benefits to Running Bleachers Paper Athletes, along with others trying to get into shape usually incorporate running bleachers into their exercise routines. This activity has a variety of health and physical fitness benefit. One obvious benefit is the ability for body to develop more efficiently than running on a flat surface. Another benefit is the increase of the heart rate. The heart rate increases because the activity is much more intense than running regularly or jogging. Jogging bleachers requires the exercise to be performed at a higher intensity. This type of workout helps to teach an individual’s cardiovascular system to recovery quickly. This is because after going up the bleachers and resting for a few seconds, the body needs to be ready to be able to work hard again once it is time to run back up. This workout is known as a cardiovascular exercise which is effective in burning calories. This helps to increase the body fat loss and allows the heart rate to elevate for at least 30 minutes. A big reason why most athletes run bleachers is because of its ability to increase leg power. In certain sports, such as basketball, soccer, football and track, leg power is necessary to better the performance of the player. Climbing up the bleacher requires the quadriceps and glute muscles in the legs to push off each step with force. Running bleachers also puts more of a variety into an average person’s workout. This prevents muscles from adapting and allows them to continue development. For runners, finding a set of bleachers to run can be considered a break from their same daily route, which will keep them from becoming tired. For those who are not runners, bleachers will most certainly help to work out the muscles throughout the legs. Although running bleachers can be considered cruel punishment in gym classes, it is an effective exercise that keeps the heart healthy and the legs muscular.

The eNotes Blog 2013 National Book AwardWinners

2013 National Book AwardWinners Is your Kindle finger itching? Do you have a yearning to go to the bookstore or library but dont know what sounds good? Well, maybe this will help.   Last night, this years National Book Awards were announced. Here is the complete list of winners and finalists. James McBride took the fiction prize for his novel The Good Lord Bird (Riverhead Books/Penguin Group USA): Abolitionist John Brown calls her â€Å"Little Onion,† but her real name is Henry. A slave in Kansas mistaken for a girl due to the sackcloth smock he was wearing when Brown shot his master, the light-skinned, curly-haired 12-year-old ends up living as a young woman, most often encamped with Brown’s renegade band of freedom warriors as they traverse the country, raising arms and ammunition for their battle against slavery. Though they travel to Rochester, New York, to meet with Frederick Douglass and Canada to enlist the help of Harriet Tubman, Brown and his ragtag army fail to muster sufficient support for their mission to liberate African Americans, heading inexorably to the infamously bloody and pathetic raid on Harpers Ferry.   Starred Review, Booklist   Carol Haggas Finalists for the prize included: Rachel Kushner, The Flamethrowers (Scribner/Simon Schuster) Jhumpa Lahiri, The Lowland (Alfred A. Knopf/Random House) Thomas Pynchon, Bleeding Edge (The Penguin Press/Penguin Group USA) George Saunders, Tenth of December (Random House) The winner for non-fiction is George Packer for The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America (Farrar, Straus and Giroux) How have we come to feel that neither the government nor the private sector works as it should and that the shrinking middle class has few prospects of recovering its former glory? Through profiles of several Americans, from a factory worker to an Internet billionaire, Packer, staff writer for the New Yorker, offers a broad and compelling perspective on a nation in crisis. Packer focuses on the lives of a North Carolina evangelist, son of a tobacco farmer, pondering the new economy of the rural South; a Youngstown, Ohio, factory worker struggling to survive the decline of the manufacturing sector; a Washington lobbyist confronting the distance between his ideals and the realities of the nation’s capital; and a Silicon Valley entrepreneur pondering the role of e-commerce in a radically changing economy. Interspersed throughout are profiles of leading economic, political, and cultural figures, including Newt Gingrich, Colin Powell, Raymond Carver, Sam Walton, and Jay-Z. Also spr inkled throughout are alarming headlines, news bites, song lyrics, and slogans that capture the unsettling feeling that the nation and its people are adrift. Packer offers an illuminating, in-depth, sometimes frightening view of the complexities of decline and the enduring hope for recovery.   Starred Review, Booklist Vanessa Bush Finalists in the Non-Fiction Category were: Jill Lepore, Book of Ages: The Life and Opinions of Jane Franklin (Alfred A. Knopf/Random House) Wendy Lower, Hitler’s Furies: German Women in the Nazi Killing Fields (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt) Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832 (W.W. Norton Company) Lawrence Wright, Going Clear: Scientology, Hollywood, the Prison of Belief (Alfred A. Knopf/Random House) Mary Szybist took the Poetry Prize for her collection,   Incarnadine: Poems (Graywolf Press) Love poetry and poetry of religious faith blend and blur into one transcendent, humbled substance. . . . Whether or not readers are attuned to the religious content, these are gorgeous lyrics, in traditional and invented formsone poem is a diagrammed sentence while another radiates from an empty space at the center of the pagewhich create close encounters with not-quite-paraphrasable truths. This is essential poetry.  - Publishers Weekly Poetry finalists included: Frank Bidart, Metaphysical Dog (Farrar, Straus and Giroux) Lucie Brock-Broido, Stay, Illusion (Alfred A. Knopf) Adrian Matejka, The Big Smoke (Penguin Poets/Penguin Group USA) Matt Rasmussen, Black Aperture (Louisiana State University Press) The winner for young peoples literature is Cynthia Kadohata for The Thing About Luck (Atheneum Books for Young Readers/Simon Schuster) It seems that if Summer’s Japanese American family didn’t have bad luck, they’d have no luck at all. Certainly good luck (kouun) is elusive. Consider that Summer has had malaria; her little brother, Jaz, is friendless; her parents have to fly to Japan to take care of elderly relatives; and her grandmother (Obaa-chan) and grandfather (Jii-chan) must pay the mortgage by coming out of retirement to work for a custom harvesting company. When the siblings accompany their grandparents on the harvest, Summer helps her grandmother, a cook, while Jaz is Jaz: intense, focused, and bad-tempered. At first, things go reasonably well, but then Jii-chan becomes sick, and it appears that it might be up to Summer to save the day. Will she succeed? Kadohata has written a gentle family story that is unusual in its focus on the mechanics of wheat harvesting.   (Grades 4-8) Starred Review,   Booklist Michael Cart Finalist for the young peoples literature award included: Kathi Appelt, The True Blue Scouts of Sugar Man Swamp   (Atheneum Books for Young Readers/Simon Schuster) Tom McNeal, Far Far Away (Alfred A. Knopf/Random House) Meg Rosoff, Picture Me Gone (G.P. Putnam’s Sons, a division of Penguin Group USA) Gene Luen Yang, Boxers Saints (First Second/Macmillan)

Describe and explain the main functions of prices in a modern Essay

Describe and explain the main functions of prices in a modern competitive market economy PLUS MORE QUESTIONS - Essay Example This is a signal to the supplier to expand their production in order to meet higher demand. Further, in case of excess supply, price factor also plays an important role to eliminate the excess supply. The signalling function of price can be discussed more briefly by using the following diagram. It can be seen from the Figure-1, as demand for good-Q increases, supplier of the goods can earn higher revenue and profit by selling it at higher price per unit. Thus, increase in market demand leads to expansion of market supply. Further, Figure-2 shows an increase in market supply causes fall in the relative price of good-Q and expansion of the market output along with the market demand curve. By utilising the signalling function of price, consumers are able to transmit expression of the preference or important information about changing needs and wants, to its customers. When market demand is high, price acts as the motivational factor to increase production, as supplier can earn higher profit by increasing their production. Similarly, when demand is low, it signals suppliers to contract their production. In market mechanism, suppliers actually control their production on the basis of price fluctuation (Mas-Colell et al. 2004). Price also plays an important role to ration the scarce resources. It helps to allocate the scarce resources in an effective way, when demand in the market over strips the supply. When there is shortage of product in market, the price rises. Thus, only those people, whose willingness to pay is effectively high, purchases the product. It helps to eliminate consumers having low willingness to pay. In this context, it can be cited that, auction plays a crucial part to allocate resources in an appropriate manner and clears the market. In economics, the term demand increase reflects increase in the ability and willingness on the buyers to buy a good or services at pre-existing

Industries and technology both have hurt and helped our enviornment Essay

Industries and technology both have hurt and helped our enviornment - Essay Example The first wave took place in the late 1700’s, bringing industrial improvements to textiles, iron, water and power systems and mechanization. The second wave brought about steam power, trains and steel production. Next, in the 1900’s, came electricity, chemicals and cars. By the middle of the 20th century, the emerging innovations were petroleum, the space race and electronics. In the most recent years, known as the digital age, society has witnessed the development of computers and other electronic devices. All these innovations have contributed to the development of society. However, the creators of these products did not initially think about the amount of waste that would be generated through the manufacturing of these products and what would happen to these products once they became obsolete. Increasing awareness of the effects of manufacturing on the environment has lead to the development of waste management processes and green engineering. It is not only the issue of emissions, but also the disposal of obsolete vehicles that we have to worry about. These emission and hazard waste disposal issues are common concerns for all manufacturing facilities. An example of this is the plants in the state of New Jersey that refine oil. They produce products that are very much needed in modern society. However, they also produce waste that is difficult to dispose of and can be damaging to our environment. To preserve our environment requires our manufacturers take steps to implement green engineering principles into their processes and abide by the rules and regulations put forth by the EPA and other agencies. On the other hand, consumers must also learn to conserve and use products less wastefully. New technologies and industries are created to meet the demands of people and to continuously try to lower the cost of products. Such innovations sometimes have undesirable effects on our global environment. For example, chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) were

Marketing Management Campaign Research Proposal

Marketing Management Campaign - Research Proposal Example For this reason, different marketing concepts have been developed in order to enable a company to have a better way of increasing its profitability and market shares. It has also been argued by a lot of marketing managers that developing a proper marketing management campaign - particularly the implementation of market segmentation, the proper positioning of the products and services in the market as well as targeting the chosen markets, is the key to increase the consumer choice in terms of consumption categories. For the purpose of this study, the researcher will examine and evaluate whether the said argument is acceptable or not. First, the researcher will discuss the importance of marketing strategy in terms of increasing the number of consumers' choice in terms of consumption categories. In line increasing the consumers' choice, the researcher will analyze the importance of product positioning and targeting its selected market with the use of the traditional marketing mix known as the 4 P's (price, product, promotion / marketing communication, and place / market distribution). In line with the importance of product positioning on increasing the consumer's choice in the market, the researcher will also discuss the impact of marketing communication mix or promotion and the integrated marketing communication in product positioning. Prior to the conclusion, the researcher will discuss whether consumers today have more choice in the market in terms of selecting a preferred product and services in terms of the current market environment. Impact of Marketing Strategy to the Success of the Business Sales and profitability is the heart of each business. Since all humans have specific needs and wants with regards to a product and services, the study of marketing is focused on addressing the different needs and wants of its target consumers. It is wrong to believe that the study of marketing is focused only on selling and advertising. Since consumer product preferences are usually guided by marketing concepts such as the value of products and services, cost, customer(s) satisfaction and market distribution, marketing managers continuously find new ways to develop and establish a good relationship with the target consumers by increasing the number of consumers' choice in terms of

How far, and in what ways, do you agree that the story Essay Example for Free

How far, and in what ways, do you agree that the story Essay Hamlet is a revenge tragedy; a genre originally developed by plays such as The Spanish Tragedy by Thomas Kyd from 1585-1590. The genre is characterized by the inclusion of death, murder, betrayal, madness, poison, surveillance and the supernatural in the narrative themes that all frequently occur in Hamlet. However to what extent does the story of Polonius, Ophelia and Laertes conform to this idea of a revenge tragedy; and more broadly, how does the story of the family conform to the genre of tragedy as a whole? One issue is how to define a tragedy; Thomas Heywood wrote: Comedies begin in trouble and end in peace; tragedies begin in calm and end in tempest, Apology for Actors, 1612. By this definition, tragedy generally can be summarised as a sequence of events that lead to the destruction of the majority of its characters. In this sense, the story of Polonius and his family conforms to the basic skeleton of a tragedy by the end of the play Polonius, Laertes and Ophelia are dead. However the familys story does not conform as simply to other definitions of tragedy. [Tragedy] would look with a sceptical eye at what was happening in the world around, M. Mangan (1991). Tragedy would look with a sceptical eye implies that tragedy has the role of both viewing and criticising society. This concept can be applied to Polonius, a character remarkably similar to Queen Elizabeth Is spymaster, Sir Francis Walsingham. Shakespeare spent the majority of his life under Elizabeths rule; hence the Elizabeths gentry may have aided Shakespeare in creating his constructs. Polonius is characterized by his long, rambling speeches, for example in Act 2 Scene 2; Either for tragedy, comedy, history, pastoral, pastorical-comical, historical-pastoral, tragic-historical, tragical-comical-historical-pastoral unlimited The absurd repetition of the words tragedy, comedy, history and pastoral emphasize the loquaciousness of Polonius, but is perhaps also mocking Sir Francis Walsingham. Shakespeare is crafting a stereotype that spymasters are loquacious, obsequious characters. Perhaps Shakespeare is criticising society; society does not require spymasters spawning insincerity and deceit. If so, Shakespeare is using satire as a tool to portray this viewpoint. Polonius may be used by Shakespeare as a means to act as such a sceptical eye on society, conforming to Mangans concept of the relevance of tragedy in real life. Aristotle was a key figure in defining tragedy, and stated in his Poetics that a typical tragedy consisted of a noble protagonist, with a hamartia (tragic flaw), whose peripeteia (reversal of fortune) is brought about by an anagnorisis (moment of recognition). However it would be unwise to assume that Aristotles Poetics, written in c. 335 BC would still be completely relevant to Shakespearean tragedy, written some two thousand years later. However several aspects of Aristotles tragedy can be applied to Polonius and his family. Polonius has his tragic flaw: his obsession with spying. He tells Reynaldo before departing to France to spy on Laertes: By indirections find directions out (Act 2 Scene 1) Not only does this indicate his unnatural interest in his sons affairs, so much that he is willing to send a spy to observe his sons possible hedonism in Paris; but it also shows that he is experienced as a spymaster. Such advice is most likely to be learned from several years of manipulating people to his advantage. Essentially what he is saying is the most direct method of finding the truth is through being indirect, which holds to be true as we see later in the play with Hamlets The Mousetrap; a play within a play which exposes Claudius villainy through indirect and subtle methods. Furthermore on the topic of hamartia Laertes has his tragic flaw of overreaction; a stark contrast to Hamlet whose tragic flaw is procrastination. When asked by Claudius what he will do when Hamlet returns to Denmark to avenge his father in Act 4 Scene VII, he replies To cut his throat i the church. This directly mirrors the church scene, where Claudius is vulnerable yet Hamlet refrains from acting out his revenge. This displays Laertes as a traditional revenger, willing to act, unlike Hamlet who considers the legitimacy of the ghosts claims before even considering revenge. Laertes does not take much persuading from Claudius. However it is this over-willingness to act that is the cause of his death. In his rage at the death of both his father and sister, he plots with Claudius to kill Hamlet; a move which kills him as he himself is poisoned by the sword intended for Hamlet. Over-willingness to act is Laertes hamartia; and so Laertes also conforms to this tragic skeleton laid out by Aristotle. However perhaps more tragic, although not conforming to Aristotles works, is the question; why is Laertes so willing to act? His father was voyeuristic, deceitful and loquacious he used Ophelia as a tool to gain favour with the king, and spied on Laertes to ensure his name was not tarnished. He was a far from noble man, his life summarised accurately by his death; behind an arras spying on someone. In this regard, it is questionable whether Laertes brashness in relation to revenge is justified. From the aspects of Polonius character seen in the play, it does not appear that he was a good father; in fact he seems villainous at times for example when he disallows Ophelia to express her love for Hamlet, then makes her feel to blame when Hamlet puts on his antic disposition. It is questionable whether Polonius deserves to be avenged. Hamlet seems to simply shrug off the murder of Polonius, noting of what the little worth he was when referring him simply as guts. This could be seen as tragic, as the worthlessness of Polonius character implies that Laertes died for nothing. One explanation is that Laertes may have been inclined to act out revenge with such little persuasion due to the fact Polonius was all he and his sister had. Since Hamlet put on his antic disposition, Ophelia lacked a love interest, as did Laertes assuming he did not have a lover in Paris; moreover they were not allowed to have a love interest due to Polonius caring too much about his image than the wishes of his children. With no love interests, and apparently no motherly figure, they were left with no figure of authority but Polonius, which may be the cause for Laertes brash attitudes towards revenge. Also likely is the concept of family honour driving Laertes revenge, a concept which an Elizabethan audience may have empathised with. The death of Ophelia in a modern day sense is considered tragic, like any suspected suicide. However during Elizabethan times her death would be considered on a more religious basis; the priest comments on the questionable nature of her death, and whether it would warrant a Christian burial. This is an example of how the definition of tragedy shifts over time; even Laertes does not seem as shaken by the announcement of his sisters death compared to his fathers, perhaps due to the nature of her death. Ophelias death is considered a tragedy in a modern day sense, but at the time her death not so much tragic, but rather symbolised the death of innocence in the play, as part of the build up to the climatic deaths in the final act. However, Ophelias death is an example of how Hamlet is able to transcend traditional ideas on tragedy, and can hold relevance to modern day interpretations of what is considered tragic. In the 21st century, a tragic event is where an individual or group suffers to a greater extent than they are perceived to deserve. It could be argued that however you spin the story of Polonius and his family, they will always conform to this modern interpretation of tragedy, as well as the traditional tragedy theorised by Aristotle. Ophelia is being perpetually commanded and ordered throughout the play by the significant characters in her life; first Laertes, when he displays his disapproval of her intimacy with Hamlet, and Polonius when he conducts his own play within a play, ordering her to talk to Hamlet while he observes behind an arras. She has little to no freedom, despite the fact she has done nothing wrong; unlike her brother who had enjoyed the primrose path of dalliance while in Paris, and the voyeuristic indulgence of Polonius. The death of Ophelia to a modern audience is tragic, so in this sense the story of Polonius and his family is a tragedy. I agree that the story of Polonius and his family should be considered a tragedy within a tragedy. Their story contains many of the frequently occurring aspects of a tragedy; death, love, murder, revenge and surveillance. As well as this, the family conforms to the concept of a tragedy as laid out by Aristotle. Finally, the story of Polonius and his family conforms to what is considered tragic in the present, as the tragedy has transcended the period in which the play was written. References Primary Text Shakespeare, W (~1600) Hamlet London: Penguin (2005) Secondary Texts Aristotle (350 BC) Poetics London: Penguin (1997) Heywood, T (1612) An Apology for Actors New York: Scholars Facsimiles Reprints (1999) Mangan, M (1991) A Preface to Shakespeares Tragedies London: Longman.

Style :: Writing Styles Style Paper

Style After reading Strunk and White’s, The Elements of Style, Williams’, Style: Toward Clarity and Grace, and my peers’ reviews of these two books, I have come up with an all encompassing answer to the question: what is style, and what elements are most important to all writers? The answer is: there is no clear cut definition of style. It is ever changing; and is based on society’s views of what makes good writing, not necessarily the writer’s own thoughts on the matter. Therefore, the writer is better off following the set rules of grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure, determined by society; then adding her own voice. The actual elements that make up style are a little less vague, but again, it is up to the individual writer to decide which elements to include in her writing—and which to leave out. Strunk and White have listed â€Å"Seven rules of usage, eleven principles of composition, a few matters of form, and a list of words and expressions commonly misused.† (Strunk and White) Strunk and White present their list of rules to would-be writers in hopes that they may one day attain what society deems to be style. Strunk and White’s rule number six: â€Å"Do not break sentences in two—in other words, do not use periods for commas,† (Strunk and White) was interesting because I break it often. Before reading Strunk and White, I was under the impression that when you want a sentence to be emphatic, you can clip it, and force the reader to take notice simply by creating a sentence structure that looks unusual to them. This forces the reader to stop and take another look. Strunk and White warn us that this is not proper, and should be attempted by no means, â€Å"Less a clipped sentence seem merely a blunder in syntax or punctuation.† Strunk and White also claim, â€Å"As a rule, single sentences should not be written or printed as paragraphs.† Unfortunately, writing single sentence paragraphs once defined my writing. In grade school, I was told the only way to write well was to write exactly as you speak. I just happen to be the type of person that speaks fast, changes subjects often, emphasizes certain groups of words I want my listeners to grab on to, and then (and this is what often saves me from becoming a complete muddle), summarizes what I was saying.

Performance Metrics Case State: All State Insurance

Allstate Insurance Company intertwines business goals with performance metrics. Goal setting is an ongoing part of striving to become successful and happy in life. When an individual achieves a goal, another one is set to accomplish next. Goals are personal and professional and the latter determines the longitude and latitude of a chosen career path. Organizations set goals for all levels of the company, from business units to individual contributors. The successful attainment of these goals determines if it is profitable year over year. Using the model for goal setting, evaluate Allstate’s goal setting process to determine whether or not Allstate has an effective goal-setting program. The goal-setting model has 4 aspects used to motivate employees. They include direct focus on high priorities, regulate effort, increase persistence, and create strategies and programs to achieve goals (Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J. 2011). Allstate has a very effective goal setting program in place. One part of their program is to correlate manager’s pay to company’s goals. They use an online employee survey and feedback tool as the measurement. This practice touches on all four parts of the goal setting model. It forces the managers to maintain focus on the company’s diversity goals, while encouraging them to identify areas of opportunities and potential solutions. Allstate also has programs to support professional and career path development to provide individuals with the necessary knowledge and ability to achieve performance goals in each position. Discuss the competitive advantage Allstate has from the development of the Diversity Index. The index sets Allstate apart from its competitor’s at the most important level, the human level. Allstate uses it to ensure diversity inside the organization so they can understand and respect the diversity of their clients. The company’s vision states differences are a competitive edge (Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J. 2011). An organization must be a reflection of the communities it serves. A global market requires organizations to have a diverse staff and understanding of multiple cultures. Allstate’s diversity index provides such an advantage over companies who have yet to embrace cultural differences. Recommend the types of high-performance reward system Allstate should use to motivate its employees to reach its diversity goals. The company should use profit-sharing and culture and reward systems to motivate its employees to reach its diversity goals. Profit-sharing reinforces the team based performance rewards. This type of rewards displays the company’s recognition of each individual contribution to the bottom line. The culture and reward system is based on the employee’s culture. It recognizes the diversity at the employee level. It is based on cultural values to motivate performance (Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J. 2011). This makes the reward specific to the culture and recognizes diversity inside the organization. If you were an Allstate employees, discuss whether or not you would be motivated by the Diversity Index and QLMS. Provide a detailed explanation. The Quarterly Leadership Measurement System (QLMS) and Diversity Index would motivate me. It is taken twice a year and analyzed to identify issues and make appropriate changes in processes and performance. One reason it is motivating is a percentage of the merit pay is determined by the results. Another factor is the behavior specific questions asked to all employees in the index. The focus on the results and frequency of the surveys prove it’s a high company priority. It can be perceived that noncompliance would have a negative impact on employment and advancement opportunities. It encourages consistent behavior that coincides with the diversity goals of the organization. Ultimately, diversity is part of the American culture. The citizens of this country are from all over the world. There is a global consumer base here in this society. Allstate is a leader in business because they are socially responsible. Allstate requires its employees to maintain a work environment which embraces diversity. This business strategy will maintain their competitive advantage in the market.

Simulation And Result Of Scalar Control Engineering Essay

6.0 IntroductionThis chapter focuses on scalar control in three stage initiation motor public presentation, trying to happen the intrinsic advantages and disadvantages of the method. An probe is conducted, via instance survey, into the public presentation of initiation motor thrust using the scalar control method. As package bundle, Matlab Simulink has been used and the simulation consequences are presented to turn out the dynamic behaviour of this type of control method.6.1 Matlab and simulink.In the simulation of initiation machines utilizing Matlab and Simulink are first-class for numerical computation and informations visual image ; control applied scientists use them extensively for analysis design are many different tool chests available which extend the basic map of Matlab into different application countries ; for illustration, the Matlab tool chests, â€Å" control system † â€Å" model prognostic control † and â€Å" Robust control † supply methods for computing machine -aided control system design. The simulation bundle allows a broad scope of different constellations and theoretical accounts to be investigated quickly. The Simulink Matlab application is adopted because of its intrinsic integrating of vectorized system representation in block diagram signifier. Therefore, in this bundle, the package is used as an analytical for the graphical portraiture of the clip developments of signals combined with the simple realisation of the functionality of control and power electronic excitements.6.2 The initiation motor theoretical accountThe initiation motor theoretical account has to be taken into consideration, It is of import because it is related to the control of the initiation motor. The initiation motor is used because it has perfected of features of theoretically and by experimentation. It is driven in a figure of different mentions frame, so the purpose of the theoretical account is frequently expressed in an arbitrary two-axis go arounding mention frame. This makes it easy to command ; the interior decorator can mend the mention frame to a peculiar motor measure and adjust the theoretical account consequently. All electrical parts of the machine, the variables and parametric quantities, are viewed from the stator. This is all indicated by the major marks in the machine equations given below. All rotor and stator measures are in the arbitrary two-axis rotor mention frame ( dq frame ) . The inferiors used are defined as follows: vitamin D: A vitamin D axis measure Q: A A Q axis measure R: A A rotor measure s: A stator measure cubic decimeter: A A escape induction m: A common inductioniˆ? Electrical System( 6.1 )( 6.2 )( 6.3 )( 6.4 )Where,( 6.5 )( 6.6 )( 6.7 )( 8.8 )( 9.9 )( 6.10 )( 6.11 )iˆ? Mechanical System( 6.12 )( 6.13 )Asynchronous machine parametric quantities in the rotor mention frame are defined as follows: Rs, Lls stator opposition and escape induction R'r, L'lr Rotor opposition and escape induction Lumen Common induction Ls, L'r entire stator and rotor inductions Vqs, intelligence quotient Q axis stator electromotive force and current V'qr, i'qr Q axis rotor electromotive force and current Vds, Idahos vitamin D axis stator electromotive force and current V'dr, i'dr vitamin D axis rotor electromotive force and current stator Q and vitamin D axis fluxes rotor Q and vitamin D axis fluxes angular speed of the rotor P figure of pole braces electrical angular speed ( Wr * P ) Tellurium electromagnetic torsion Thulium shaft mechanical torsion rotor angular place Joule combined rotor and burden inactiveness Hydrogen combined rotor and burden inactiveness invariable F combined rotor and burden syrupy clash Table ( 6.1 ) -rotor mention frame definitions Where the inferior s corresponds to stator, r corresponds to rotor, d corresponds to direct axis, q corresponds to quadrature axis and L corresponds to leakage. Te represents torsion, while P is the figure of poles. The tantamount circuit is shown above.6.3 Reference frame.The mention frame is used to change over input electromotive force ( abc mention frame ) to the dq mention frame and besides used for change overing the end product currents dq mention frame to ( abc mention frame ) . A pick has to be made between the following mention frame transmutations: Synchronous. Stationary ( Clarke or ii transmutation ) . Rotor ( park transmutation ) . The pick of the mention frame wave forms affects all dq variables. It besides affects the velocity of the simulation and, in some instances, the truth of the consequences. The undermentioned guidelines are suggested: If the stator electromotive forces are non balanced or non connected and the rotor electromotive forces are balanced ( or 0 ) a stationary mention frame can be used. If the rotor electromotive forces are non balanced or non connected and the stator electromotive forces ; are balanced rotor mention frame can be used. If all the electromotive forces are connexions and balanced the stationary or synchronal mention frame can be used. The undermentioned relationships explain the rudiment to dq mention frame transmutations which apply to the initiation machine block ‘s input electromotive forces.( 6.14 )I n the old equations, I? is the angular place of the mention frame, while i = i? ± – i? ±r, and the difference between the place of the mention frame and the place ( electrical ) of the rotor. Because the machines twists are connected in a three-wire Y constellation. There is no sequence ( 0 ) constituent. It besides justifies the usage of two input electromotive force lines to the line in the signifier alternatively of three electromotive force lines to impersonal. The relationships that follow depict the dq-to rudiment mention frame transmutations applied to Asynchronous machine stage currents. ( 6.15 ) ( 6.16 ) ( 6.17 ) ( 6.18 ) In the tabular array below are shown values represented by andi . In each mention frame ( vitamin E is the location of the synchronously revolving mention frame. Mention Frame Rotor R 0 Stationary 0-rSynchronous vitamin E e – R Table ( 6.2 ) , value of and in each mention frame. ( Reference Matlab )6.4 Induction Motor Drives with Scalar ControlOne manner of understanding scalar control method is by utilizing instances survey with Matlab simulation. This portion of this chapter will concentrate and discus how this method performs. The simulation consequences will be analysed and compared subsequently on with vector control.6.4.1 Case surveyThe circuit shown below as the instance survey, an unfastened cringle scalar control method with PWM inverter is used to feed the stator through the control electromotive force supply. This inverter uses sinusoidal pulse-width transition ; hence, the base of frequence of the moving ridge ‘s frequence is set at 60 Hz and the triangular bearer wave ‘s frequence is set at 1980Hz. This corresponds to a frequence transition factor medium frequency of 33 ( 60 *33 = 1980 Hz ) . A three-phase initiation motor is connected to a changeless burden of nominal value 11.9Nm.In this circuit, a three stage initiation motor is b uilt. Blocks of the machines and power electronic Matlab libraries have been used and besides in this circuit all the parametric quantities are the same circuit of vector control because the research worker wished to do a comparing between this circuit diagram of scalar control and vector control. Furthermore, the machine is used it has the same parametric quantities of vector control and scalar control. Figure ( 6.2 ) unfastened cringle simulink block diagram theoretical account6.4.2 Construction of Electrical Model Induction Machine.Figure ( 6.3 ) shows block diagram the abc transmutation to dq of the initiation machine Figure ( 6.4 ) shows implement distinct trspezoidal integrating of machine equations in rotor, stationary or synchronal mention frame. Figure ( 6.5 ) shows block diagram of the dq transmutation to abc of the initiation machine6.4.3 Simulation parametric quantities:Choosing the ode23tb incorporating algorithm, set the comparative tolerance to 1e-3, the absolute tolerance and maximal measure size to car and the stop clip to 4s. So the scalar method simulation was carried out utilizing the motor parametric quantities as shown in the tabular array below. The tabular array shows the simulation parametric quantities for constellation of the circuit Fig ( 6.2 ) Start clip 0 Integrator type 0d23 Stop clip 4s Relative tolerance 1e-3 Relative tolerance car Maximal measure size car Initial measure size car Table ( 6.3 ) the simulation parametric quantities in the simulation parametric quantities instance survey. Power, electromotive force and frequence [ pn ( VA ) Vn ( Vrms ) , fn ( Hz ) ] [ 50*746, 460,60 ] Stator opposition and induction [ Rs ( ohm ) L1s ( H ) ] : [ 0.087 0.8e-3 ] Rotor opposition and induction [ Rr, ( ohm ) Llr, ( H ) ] : [ 0.228 0.8e-3 ] Common induction Lm ( H ) : [ 34.7e-3 ] : Inertia, clash factor and pole braces [ J ( Kg.m 2 ) F ( N.m.s ) p0 ] : [ 1.662 0.12 ] Initial conditions [ 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 ] Table ( 6.4 ) Asynchronous motor parametric quantities6.4.4 Simulation consequences:The thrust started from deadlock by stipulating 0 for all initial conditions of province variables in the Powergui interface. In this instance, the mention velocity was stepped from 120 to160 rad / s at t= 1 s and thrust variables velocity, torsion and current observed. Transeunt responses to get down the initiation motor thrust are shown below ; the first figure shows motor steady province torsion and velocity. Figure ( 6.6 ) the motor started and reached its steady province velocity of 120 rad/s ( 1800rpm ) at 1s ; at get downing, the magnitude of the 60 Hz current reached approximately 180 A, its peak current ( 127 rms ) , = = 127 Arms. Therefore, there was a high initiation motor get downing current, as was expected, because the motor has high power, whereas its steady province value was ( 20A ) and the Irms value about ( 14,14 rms ) . Besides, strong oscillations of the electromagnetic torsion at get downing were observed. On the torsion in steady province observation noisy signal with a average value of 11.9 Nm. In the three motor currents there was observed all the harmonics [ multiples of the 1980 Hz exchanging frequence ] which were filtered by the stator induction, so that the 60 Hz constituents were dominant. Sing the curves of the three stage initiation motor ( squirrel Cage ) , on get downing the motor without burden, the motor get downing currents, torsion and velocity can be observed on the range. At the terminal of simulation clip at ( 4s ) . , when the motor was reached steady province that is the torsion and velocity are changeless, So, Te – TL = 0, it was observed that the stator and rotor currents were rather ( noisy ) and the torsion and velocity had truly changeless value because the motor was non yet loaded so that is why the motor was on steady province. Figure ( 6.6 ) Simulation of the initiation motor without burden6.4.5 Get downing with burden.In the following simulation end product different simulations were used to happen out the result when the velocity is set-up at steady province at a certain clip. In this figure ( 6.7 ) , the rotor velocity started increasing from 0 to 120 rad/s, after this, the lessening velocity for short clip between 2 2nd and 2.5 second, so velocity decreased until steady province ( 100 rad/s ) , for the falling value of the velocity is 20 rad/s. Suddenly, alteration in the magnitude of the stator current resulted in transient before the torsion reached the steady province and besides alteration in the linkage of the rotor flux. The research worker could detect the motor currents were high and largely noisy get downing current and besides that the torsion starts additions from 2 seconds to 2.5 seconds and to increase until changeless value was reached ; at the same clip as cut downing velocity, the curre nt, nevertheless, was increased because the relationship between torsion and velocity are reciprocally related. Finally and clearly either the dynamic torsion control is really hapless and besides it has jobs with the transeunt response of the torsion or it is really hapless and can non be controlled by the torsion in the transient province. Figure ( 6.7 ) measure up torque response at 11.9N.m The undermentioned simulation of torsion 50N.m applied at least two seconds and a changeless velocity of 120 rad / s to see how this theoretical account of scalar controls responded to these alterations. This simulation shows the end product velocity started increasing from 0 to 120 rad / s, than at 2 seconds the velocity will be reduced to 90 rad / s, so that the torsion is applied to two seconds, so get down to cut down velocity ( a little ) at the same clip, torsion is increased until making a changeless value. The starting currents were high, up to 1.5 seconds, and so reduced until the steady province was reached at the same clip the torsion applied. Internist provinces torque and current were noisy and did non discontinue. However, the dynamic behavior of scalar control was non perfect, so in this it instance affected the public presentation of the initiation motor. Scalar control should be used at low velocity and variable velocity, for illustration as fans or pumps. Figure ( 6.8 ) simulation of the initiation motor thrust with step-up torsion Figure ( 6.9 ) shows simulation end product difference simulation status was used to happen out the result when the velocity is step up at the steady province at certain clip. At the one second the velocity starts to increase and the torsion besides increased but for short clip so the torsion starts to decreased until reached changeless value, besides this clip the velocity invariable. This means altering the velocity with the scalar control under the steady province status will be sensible. Figure ( 6.9 ) simulation of the initiation motor thrust with step-up velocity The dynamic public presentation of thrust ( public presentation relation to the velocity control mention alteration and burden torsion ) as Fig ( 6.10 ) can be studied by using two alterations in operating conditions of the thrust ; a measure alteration in velocity mention and measure alteration of the burden torsion. The torsion 50Nm was applied for 2 seconds and velocity of measure 140rad / s for 1 2nd, to see how these model scalar controls would react to these alterations. In this instance, it was observed the velocity dropped aggressively to one second, shortly, and so went up to 140 rad / s to 3.5 seconds. The electromagnetic torsion of the initiation motor was foremost variable in 0.6 seconds. After the torsion is little bead of one second when the rate was applied the torsion continuously went up to 90Nm in 3.5 seconds. In this instance, the increased velocity and torque addition were non the same as earlier. The chief job of current and torsion in 1 second is if the torsion all of a sudden drops and the current addition is more than the starting current, In this instance, the value of the burden and velocity control should be increased. Figure ( 6.10 ) simulation of the initiation motor thrust with step-up velocity and torsion. Figure ( 6.11 ) simulation of the initiation motor thrust with step-up velocity and torsion.6.5 Scalar control dissectionThe electromotive force applied to the motor must alter with frequence. The control method is really simple and easy to implement. Improves inactive public presentation of control system, but its transient capableness is non satisfactory. Accurate place control is non possible. Open cringle scalar control will be able to provide speed fluctuation ; it is non able to supply reliable control under transeunt conditions. Therefore, the scalar control is suited merely if the motor operates in steady province without velocity ordinance. Scalar control is used chiefly in applications where changeless torsion is required. Scalar control ever has hapless kineticss. Scalar control methods are used merely the magnitude and frequence ( V/Hz ) .